{"id":2086,"date":"2020-04-15T15:06:01","date_gmt":"2020-04-15T12:06:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/?p=2086"},"modified":"2021-12-01T15:31:59","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T12:31:59","slug":"evde-kalmak-havamizi-temizledi-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/blog\/evde-kalmak-havamizi-temizledi-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"Evde Kalmak Havam\u0131z\u0131 Temizledi mi?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Salg\u0131n hastal\u0131k kavram\u0131 art\u0131k hi\u00e7birimiz i\u00e7in kitaplardan okudu\u011fumuz, belgesellerden \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimiz bir insanl\u0131k tarihi bilgisi veya fantastik, bilim kurgu filmlerinin beyaz perdeye ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 hikayelerden ibaret de\u011fil. Karantina b\u00f6lgelerinin ilan edildi\u011fi, sahra hastanelerinin kuruldu\u011fu ve temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n stokland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 krizinin i\u00e7inde ya\u015f\u0131yoruz. <\/p>\n\n

Ne var ki kriz g\u00fcndeminin i\u00e7inde bir\u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fma konusu \u015fimdilik rafa kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken, hava kirlili\u011fine dair tart\u0131\u015fmalar \u00fcst s\u0131ralarda yer almaya devam ediyor. Evlere kapanmam\u0131z ile birlikte fosil yak\u0131ta ba\u011fl\u0131 faaliyetlerin sekteye u\u011framas\u0131 ile hava kirlili\u011finin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleniyor. Peki bu s\u00f6ylemler ger\u00e7e\u011fi ne kadar yans\u0131t\u0131yor? E\u011fer ger\u00e7e\u011fi yans\u0131t\u0131yorsa da salg\u0131n sonras\u0131nda evlerimizden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bizi tekrar kirli bir hava beklemiyor mu? <\/p>\n\n

Hava kirleticiler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam ediyor<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

\u00d6ncelikle, bu s\u00f6ylemlerin ger\u00e7e\u011fi ne kadar yans\u0131t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bize ne anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceleyelim. \u0130lk olarak \u00c7in<\/a>\u2019de, ard\u0131ndan \u0130talya<\/a>\u2019daki kirlilik bulutlar\u0131n\u0131n azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri bu tart\u0131\u015fmadaki ilk fi\u015fe\u011fi ate\u015fledi. Her iki \u00f6rnek de k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve ham petrol yanmas\u0131 ile ili\u015fkilendirilen azot dioksit seviyelerini analiz ediyordu.

\u00d6zellikle k\u00f6m\u00fcr yanmas\u0131 ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir di\u011fer kirletici madde k\u00fck\u00fcrt dioksitle ilgili herhangi bir de\u011ferlendirmeye el atan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 hen\u00fcz olmad\u0131. \u00d6te yandan, partik\u00fcl madde kirlili\u011fi ile ilgili tek analiz ise bilgisayar modellemeleri ve uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini bir araya getiren Avrupa Uzay Ajans\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretildi. Fakat bu a\u00e7\u0131klamada<\/a> da \u00f6nceki y\u0131llardaki kirlilik oranlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yapacak periyodik bir bilgi yer alm\u0131yordu. \u015eu anda eri\u015filebilir veriler, di\u011fer kirleticileri de kapsayacak b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmam\u0131za imkan tan\u0131m\u0131yor. Bu nedenle tek bir kirletici madde \u00fczerinden hava kirlili\u011finin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya atmak bizi yan\u0131ltacakt\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n

24 Mart\u2019ta yay\u0131mlanan bir de\u011ferlendirme sonucunda \u0130stanbul<\/a>\u2019daki kirlili\u011fin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada Ocak ay\u0131nda 50 mikrogram olan madde yo\u011funlu\u011funun, 30 mikrograma d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc belirtiliyor. Hava kirlili\u011finin sa\u011fl\u0131k etkisini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc ve h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin tasarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre koruma kanunlar\u0131, kirlilik yo\u011funlu\u011funun g\u00fcnl\u00fck ve y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalamalar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yor. Mesela bir b\u00f6lgede, g\u00fcnl\u00fck 100 mikrogram olan partik\u00fcl madde kirlili\u011findeki % 30\u2019luk bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, ertesi g\u00fcn 70 mikrogram\u0131 g\u00f6sterecektir. DS\u00d6, T\u00fcrkiye ve AB\u2019nin partik\u00fcl madde 10 i\u00e7in g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri 50 olarak belirledi\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131rsak, % 30\u2019luk bir azalman\u0131n hala insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bir tehlike bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlayaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu nedenle, kirlilik de\u011ferlendirmelerini limit a\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden yapmakta fayda var.<\/p>\n\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019da yap\u0131lan y\u00fczdesel azalma de\u011ferlendirmeleri, kirlili\u011fin b\u00fct\u00fcn boyutlar\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaz. Nitekim, payla\u015f\u0131lan ortalama yo\u011funluk de\u011ferleri kirlili\u011fin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yarat\u0131rken, \u0130stanbul\u2019un en kirli il\u00e7elerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemki g\u00fcnl\u00fck limit a\u015f\u0131m say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmesine neden olur. <\/p>\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de, bu t\u00fcr de\u011ferlendirmelerin arkas\u0131nda yatan ana motivasyon \u201cula\u015f\u0131m faaliyetlerindeki azalma, kirlililk oran\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u201d <\/em>hipotezine dayan\u0131yor. Halbuki, partik\u00fcl madde kirlili\u011finin tek kayna\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorlu ara\u00e7lar de\u011fil. K\u00f6m\u00fcr ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan enerji santralleri ve sanayi tesisleri faaliyetlerine hala devam ediyor. Partik\u00fcl madde yani tozuma kirlili\u011finin bir di\u011fer kayna\u011f\u0131 olan sokaklar\u0131m\u0131zdaki in\u015faatlar hala y\u00fckseliyor. Beyaz yakalar evlere kapanm\u0131\u015f masaba\u015f\u0131 i\u015flerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, mavi yakalar hala sokakta, fabrikada, enerji santralinde, k\u00f6m\u00fcr madeninde ve in\u015faat \u015fantiyesinde i\u015flerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda. <\/p>\n\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019da de\u011fi\u015fen bir \u015fey yok<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

\u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n veri taban\u0131ndan indirdi\u011fimiz PM 10 verileri \u0130stanbul\u2019da hava kirlili\u011fi oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek il\u00e7elerde asl\u0131nda pek de de\u011fi\u015fen bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. <\/p>\n\n

Bu bilgiler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 1 \u015eubat- 1 Nisan 2020 tarihleri aras\u0131nda:<\/p>\n\n

Mecidiyek\u00f6y\u2019deki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm istasyonunun \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 49 g\u00fcn\u00fcn 29\u2019unda PM 10 i\u00e7in belirlenen g\u00fcnl\u00fck limit de\u011ferin a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. En y\u00fcksek kirlilik yo\u011funlu\u011fu, bir g\u00fcnde 184 mikrogram olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015f. Bu rakam yasa ile belirlenen g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferin 3 kat\u0131ndan fazla.  <\/p>\n\n

Esenyurt\u2019da da durum \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 de\u011fildi. 61 g\u00fcn \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yapan istasyonda, 25 g\u00fcn boyuncu limit de\u011ferin a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Kirlilik yo\u011funlu\u011funun en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu g\u00fcn, havadaki partik\u00fcl madde miktar\u0131n\u0131n 165 mikrogram oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu rakam ulusal limit de\u011ferin 3 kat\u0131ndan fazla.  <\/p>\n\n

Bir d\u00f6nem, il\u00e7e halk\u0131n\u0131n ta\u015f ocaklar\u0131ndan kaynaklanan kirlili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri protestolarl<\/a>a g\u00fcndeme gelen Sultangazi\u2019de de vatanda\u015flar\u0131n \u015fikayetlerinde ne kadar hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren sonu\u00e7lar mevcut. \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131lan 55 g\u00fcn\u00fcn, 32\u2019sinde ulusal limit de\u011fer a\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. <\/p>\n\n

Yasal mevzuat partik\u00fcl madde 10 kirlili\u011finde limit a\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n bir y\u0131lda 35\u2019ten fazla olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. DS\u00d6 de uzun d\u00f6nemde sa\u011fl\u0131k etkisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bu e\u015fi\u011fin a\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 tavsiye ediyor. <\/p>\n\n

Y\u0131l\u0131n daha ilk \u00e7eyre\u011finde, salg\u0131n nedeniyle hava kirlili\u011finin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddia edilirken, \u0130stanbul\u2019un en kirli b\u00f6lgeleri, y\u0131ll\u0131k limit a\u015f\u0131m e\u015fi\u011fini g\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mek \u00fczere… <\/p>\n\n

Mecidiyek\u00f6y\u2019de 6 g\u00fcn,<\/p>\n\n

Esenyurt\u2019da 10 g\u00fcn,<\/p>\n\n

Sultangazi\u2019de 3 g\u00fcn daha kirlilik yo\u011funlu\u011fu g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri ge\u00e7erse, bu 3 b\u00f6lgede ya\u015fayan insanlar\u0131n y\u0131l\u0131n geri kalan\u0131nda kirli havaya tolerans pay\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kalmayacak. <\/p>\n\n

Bu tablo g\u00f6steriyor ki hava kirlili\u011finin kayna\u011f\u0131 bireysel aktiviteler de\u011fil varolan d\u00fczen… Enerji, \u00fcretim ve \u015fehir politikalar\u0131nda k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fe gidilmedik\u00e7e; temiz enerjiye y\u00f6nelmedik\u00e7e hava kirlili\u011finin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z edebilmek maalesef m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacak<\/p>\n\n

*Bu de\u011ferlendirme, Ocak 2020 verilerini kapsamamaktad\u0131r. Bu veriler dahil edildi\u011finde, s\u00f6z konusu 3 il\u00e7e i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k tolerans pay\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7oktan a\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olma ihtimalini de g\u00f6z ard\u0131 etmemek gerekir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n

G\u00f6khan Ersoy
Greenpeace Akdeniz \u0130klim ve Enerji Proje Sorumlusu\u00a0<\/p>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHavan\u0131 Koru\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Mavi g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc seninle m\u00fcmk\u00fcn!\n\nD\u00fczenli limit a\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu il\u00e7elerde koruma b\u00f6lgesi ilan edilmesini talep ederek “havan\u0131 koru”. Hep birlikte temiz bir nefes alal\u0131m.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t \n Harekete Ge\u00e7\n <\/a>\n \t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n veri taban\u0131ndan indirdi\u011fimiz PM 10 verileri \u0130stanbul\u2019da hava kirlili\u011fi oran\u0131 y\u00fcksek il\u00e7elerde asl\u0131nda pek de de\u011fi\u015fen bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne seriyor. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":2087,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2020\/04\/def8c608-havada-kalmasin-blog-2.jpg","p4_og_image_id":"2087","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[42],"p4-page-type":[29],"class_list":["post-2086","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enerji","tag-hava-kirliligi","p4-page-type-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2086"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6774,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2086\/revisions\/6774"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2086"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2086"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=2086"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}