{"id":7340,"date":"2022-10-17T15:48:43","date_gmt":"2022-10-17T12:48:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/?p=7340"},"modified":"2022-10-17T15:49:45","modified_gmt":"2022-10-17T12:49:45","slug":"havanin-yuku-cok-agir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/basin-bultenleri\/havanin-yuku-cok-agir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201cHavan\u0131n y\u00fck\u00fc\u201d \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Greenpeace Akdeniz yeni yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Hava Kirlili\u011fi Y\u00fck\u00fc\u201d raporunda PM 2.5 kirleticisinin neden oldu\u011fu erken \u00f6l\u00fcm riskini ortaya koyuyor: PM 2.5 kaynakl\u0131 hava kirlili\u011finden \u00f6l\u00fcm riski, trafik kazas\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcmlerden 7 kat daha fazla.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Greenpeace Akdeniz\u2019in \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Hava Kirlili\u011fi Y\u00fck\u00fc\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 raporu hava kirlili\u011finin a\u011f\u0131r y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serdi. Rapor PM 2.5 kirleticisine uzun s\u00fcreli maruz kalman\u0131n yaln\u0131zca 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda 34 bin erken \u00f6l\u00fcme katk\u0131da bulundu\u011funu ortaya koydu.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

\u0130stanbul ve Ankara dahil olmak \u00fczere T\u00fcrkiye n\u00fcfusunun y\u00fczde 60’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 kapsayan 38 ilde, 2021 y\u0131l\u0131 boyunca  yap\u0131lan hava \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleriyle elde edilen verilere g\u00f6re, n\u00fcfusun maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 PM 2.5 kirlili\u011fi ortalama 20.7 mikrogram. Bu miktar D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn (DS\u00d6) belirledi\u011fi y\u0131ll\u0131k limit de\u011ferin 4 kat\u0131ndan fazla kirlilik anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n\n

Rapora dahil edilen \u015fehirlerde her 100 bin erken \u00f6l\u00fcmden 64\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn havadaki PM 2.5 kirlili\u011fine maruz kalmaktan kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n\n

PM 2.5 kirlili\u011finden kaynakl\u0131 hava kirlili\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 erken \u00f6l\u00fcmler, cinayet say\u0131lar\u0131 ve trafik kazalar\u0131n\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00fcm riskiyle k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tablonun vahameti daha net ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de PM 2.5 kaynakl\u0131 hava kirlili\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 erken \u00f6l\u00fcm riski, cinayet nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcm riskinden 24 kat daha fazla. Trafik kazalar\u0131 nedeniyle \u00f6l\u00fcm oranlar\u0131yla k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ise PM 2.5 kirlili\u011finden \u00f6l\u00fcm riskinin 7 kat daha fazla oldu\u011fu hesaplan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00f6z konusu \u015fehirlerde PM 2.5 miktar\u0131 DS\u00d6 limitlerini kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor olsayd\u0131 PM 2.5 kirlili\u011fine atfedilen erken \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin say\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fczde 75 oran\u0131nda azalt\u0131labilir b\u00f6ylece her y\u0131l tahminen 26 bin hayat kurtar\u0131labilirdi.<\/p>\n\n

En fazla erken \u00f6l\u00fcm \u0130stanbul\u2019da<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

2021’de \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131labilen iller aras\u0131nda y\u00fczde 49’la I\u011fd\u0131r artan erken \u00f6l\u00fcm riski a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ilk s\u0131rada yer al\u0131yor. \u0130stanbul, 8 bin 895 can kayb\u0131yla PM 2.5 kirlili\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 en fazla erken \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn oldu\u011fu \u015fehir.<\/p>\n\n

Ne yap\u0131lmal\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Raporda elde edilen bulgular halk\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in T\u00fcrkiye’deki PM <\/sub> 2.5 kirlili\u011fi sorunuyla ilgili acilen harekete ge\u00e7ilmesi gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de PM 2.5 kirlili\u011fi i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k ve 24 saatlik ortalama limit de\u011ferleri bir an \u00f6nce tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ulusal limit de\u011ferler, asgari olarak, AB taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen seviyelerle uyumlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Uzun vadede ise ama\u00e7 DS\u00d6 limitleriyle uyumlu bir y\u00f6netmelik \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n

Greenpeace Akdeniz, halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyarak erken \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ecek ulusal limit de\u011ferlerinin belirlenmesinin ard\u0131ndan bu standartlar\u0131n ihlal edildi\u011fi b\u00f6lgelerin \u201cKoruma B\u00f6lgesi\u201d ilan edilmesini talep ediyor. \u201cKoruma B\u00f6lgesi\u201d ilan edilen yerlerde kirletici end\u00fcstrilerin faaliyet durdurmas\u0131 veya kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere hava kalitesini iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in ciddi \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n

\u201cEn tehlikeli kirletici i\u00e7in limit de\u011fer belirlenmeli\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Greenpeace Akdeniz \u0130klim ve Enerji Proje Sorumlusu G\u00f6khan Ersoy, limit de\u011ferlerin belirlenmesinin erken \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131: \u201cHavam\u0131z\u0131 kirleten failleri asl\u0131nda hepimiz biliyoruz, ancak ola\u011fan \u015f\u00fcpheliler ile ola\u011fan y\u00f6ntemler m\u00fccadele etmekte yetersiz kal\u0131yor. Bug\u00fcn gezegenin en tehlikeli kirleticisi PM 2.5 i\u00e7in bir limit de\u011fer belirleyerek, kirlili\u011fin kronikle\u015fti\u011fi yerler i\u00e7in y\u00f6netmeli\u011fimizde yer alan koruma b\u00f6lgesini hayata ge\u00e7irebilir ve kirli end\u00fcstriler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda insanlar\u0131m\u0131za temiz bir nefes alacak ve ortalama ya\u015fam s\u00fcresini uzatacak mavi g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc f\u0131rsat\u0131n\u0131 sunabiliriz.\u201d  <\/strong>
<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

D\u00fczenli limit a\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olan il\u00e7elerin \u201cKoruma B\u00f6lgesi\u201d ilan edilmesi talebiyle Greenpeace Akdeniz\u2019in \u201cHavan\u0131 Koru<\/a>\u201d kampanyas\u0131na imza verebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n

ED\u0130T\u00d6RE NOT:<\/p>\n\n

PM 2.5 nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Partik\u00fcl madde (PM), atmosferde as\u0131l\u0131 duran k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck s\u0131v\u0131 veya kat\u0131 par\u00e7ac\u0131k formundaki kirliliktir. PM kirlili\u011fi par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n boyutuna g\u00f6re tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. PM2.5<\/sub> 2.5 mikrometreden daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck partik\u00fclleri tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye PM10<\/sub>, SO2<\/sub> ve NO2<\/sub> de dahil olmak \u00fczere kirleticiler i\u00e7in ulusal hava kalitesi standartlar\u0131na sahiptir ancak insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemine dair ciddi kan\u0131tlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ra\u011fmen PM2.5<\/sub> i\u00e7in herhangi bir ulusal hava kalitesi limiti bulunmamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n

Koruma B\u00f6lgesi Nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Koruma b\u00f6lgesi, \u0131s\u0131nma, ula\u015f\u0131m ve i\u015fletmelerden kaynaklanan hava kirlili\u011fi normal tedbirlerle ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7evre ve insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak ad\u0131na uygulanacak bir temiz hava eylem mekanizmas\u0131. Bu kavram, Sanayi Kaynakl\u0131 Hava Kirlili\u011fi Kontrol\u00fc Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u2019nin 30. maddesi alt\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f durumda. Koruma b\u00f6lgesi karar\u0131 sonras\u0131 tesislerin faaliyetlerinin durdurulmas\u0131, yeni tesislerin kurulmamas\u0131 ve gerekli durumlarda tesislerde kullan\u0131lan yak\u0131tlar\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 veya k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 gibi d\u00fczenlemeleri i\u00e7eriyor. Ancak PM 2.5 i\u00e7in bir limit de\u011fer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, koruma b\u00f6lgesi de\u011ferlendirmesi kapsam\u0131na girmiyor. <\/p>\n\n

\n\n

DETAYLI B\u0130LG\u0130 \u0130\u00c7\u0130N;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

G\u00f6khan Ersoy, Greenpeace Akdeniz \u0130klim ve Enerji Proje Sorumlusu, gersoy@greenpeace.org
Aydil Durgun, Greenpeace Akdeniz \u0130leti\u015fim Sorumlusu, adurgun@greenpeace.org<\/p>\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PM 2.5 kaynakl\u0131 hava kirlili\u011finden \u00f6l\u00fcm riski, trafik kazas\u0131nda \u00f6l\u00fcmlerden 7 kat daha fazla.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":7341,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"","p4_og_description":"","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[42],"p4-page-type":[14],"class_list":["post-7340","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-iklim-krizi","tag-hava-kirliligi","p4-page-type-basin-bultenleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7340","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7340"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7340\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7343,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7340\/revisions\/7343"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7340"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7340"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7340"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=7340"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}