{"id":7524,"date":"2022-11-25T15:28:45","date_gmt":"2022-11-25T12:28:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/?p=7524"},"modified":"2022-11-25T15:28:48","modified_gmt":"2022-11-25T12:28:48","slug":"cop-27-kayip-ve-zarar-iklim-adaletinin-safagi-olacak-mi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/blog\/cop-27-kayip-ve-zarar-iklim-adaletinin-safagi-olacak-mi\/","title":{"rendered":"COP 27: Kay\u0131p ve Zarar, \u0130klim Adaletinin \u015eafa\u011f\u0131 Olacak M\u0131?<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

COP27’nin Ard\u0131ndan – <\/em>2<\/p>\n\n

COP27\u2019nin Ard\u0131ndan\u2019\u0131n 1. b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Ekim 2021\u2019de Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 onaylad\u0131ktan sonra g\u00fcncelledi\u011fi ve bu sene M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ev sahipli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 27. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler K\u00fcresel \u0130klim Zirvesi\u2019nde (COP27) d\u00fcnyaya ilan etti\u011fi Ulusal Katk\u0131 Beyan\u0131\u2019n\u0131 (NDC) konu etmi\u015ftik. 2. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olu\u015fturan bu yaz\u0131 ise, zirvenin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi kay\u0131p zarar fonuna de\u011finecek.<\/p>\n\n

COP27, k\u00fcresel g\u00fcney \u00fclkesi M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi ve uzun zamand\u0131r beklenen g\u00fcndemi kay\u0131p zarar fonu ile, bir iklim adaleti zirvesi olarak da kabul ediliyordu. G\u00fc\u00e7 de olsa kendine resmi g\u00fcndemde yer bulabilen kay\u0131p zarar fonunun (loss and damage fund) karar metninde yer kabul ve tesis edilmesi, COP27\u2019nin at\u0131l\u0131m niteli\u011findeki ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyor. Di\u011fer yandan, fosil yak\u0131tlardan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f konusunda hi\u00e7bir ilerlemenin sa\u011flanamam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ise karanl\u0131k tabloda de\u011fi\u015fimin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucunu da beraberinde getiriyor.<\/p>\n\n

Ba\u015frolde iklim adaleti vard\u0131: Kay\u0131p zarar fonu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\u0130klim adaleti temel olarak, y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca sera gaz\u0131 sal\u0131mlar\u0131 yaparak geli\u015fip devasa k\u00e2rlar elde eden bir grup k\u00fcresel kuzey \u00fclkesi ve onlar\u0131n \u015firketlerinin, ba\u015fta k\u00fcresel g\u00fcney olmak \u00fczere, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerine daha fazla maruz kalan d\u00fcnyan\u0131n geri kalan\u0131n\u0131n zararlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamalar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131 krize haz\u0131rlayacak destek mekanizmalar\u0131nda sorumluluk almalar\u0131 anlam\u0131na geliyor. <\/p>\n\n

\u201cAfrika COP\u2019u\u201d olarak tariflenen COP27; kurakl\u0131k ve sel gibi iklim felaketlerinden a\u011f\u0131r zarar g\u00f6rmekte olan k\u00fcresel g\u00fcney \u00fclkelerinin ve geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin, maruz kald\u0131klar\u0131 tahribat\u0131 tamir edebilmek i\u00e7in yararlanacaklar\u0131 maddi kayna\u011f\u0131n, yani kay\u0131p zarar fonunun tesis edildi\u011fi bir iklim zirvesi oldu. Fakat bu kolay olmad\u0131. \u00dclke temsilcileri aras\u0131nda zirvenin resmen a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 7 Kas\u0131m\u2019dan \u00f6nceki iki g\u00fcn boyunca, kay\u0131p zarar fonunun resmi g\u00fcndeme girip girmeyece\u011fini belirleyen tart\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fand\u0131. Nihayet fon g\u00fcndeme girdi ama ilgili tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u201ctazminat garantisi vermeyece\u011fi veya zorunlu olarak sorumlulu\u011fu kabul etmeyece\u011fi\u201d \u015ferhiyle.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Ge\u00e7 gelen adalet, adalet olacak m\u0131?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

Geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerin bu tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla do\u011facak sorumlulu\u011fu uzun zamand\u0131r engelledikleri biliniyor. Hatta bu tart\u0131\u015fma 30 sene geriye kadar gidiyor. 1987\u2019den itibaren bu mekanizman\u0131n gereklili\u011fi, hen\u00fcz ad\u0131 konmadan, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ada devletleri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fckselen deniz seviyeleri tehdidiyle dile getiriliyordu. Kay\u0131p zarar kavram\u0131n\u0131n adl\u0131 ad\u0131nca ilk an\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 ise, 1991\u2019e tekab\u00fcl ediyor. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Ada Devletleri Birli\u011fi (AOSIS) ad\u0131na, Vanuatu Ada Devleti temsilcisi Robert Van Lierop, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ada devletlerinin deniz seviyesi y\u00fckseli\u015fleri nedeniyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 finansal y\u00fck\u00fcn, (sera gaz\u0131 salarak) geli\u015fmi\u015f devletlerin sorumlulu\u011fu oldu\u011funu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Kaynak: Carbon Brief<\/a><\/p>\n\n

\u0130lk an\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden tam 36 sene ge\u00e7tikten sonra, kay\u0131p ve zarar fonu \u00fczerinde anla\u015fmaya var\u0131l\u0131yor, fakat ge\u00e7 gelen adalet, adalet oluyor mu? Endonezya\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 Betet ve Gundul adalar\u0131, Solomon Adalar\u0131\u2019na ba\u011fl\u0131 5 ada, ve Kiribati\u2019ye ba\u011fl\u0131 Abanuea ve Tebua Tarawa adalar\u0131, o g\u00fcnlerden bu g\u00fcnlere su alt\u0131nda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Kay\u0131p ve zarar fonu tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n, COP27\u2019yi bir iklim adaleti zirvesi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kadar, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir t\u0131kama ve direnmeye haz\u0131rl\u0131k zirvesi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 da ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, zirvede fosil yak\u0131t \u015firketleriyle ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 636 oldu\u011fu, bu rakam\u0131n t\u00fcm ada devletlerinin toplam delege say\u0131s\u0131ndan daha fazla oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Di\u011fer bir g\u00f6sterge de, fosil gaz ve petrol ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 ve bir sonraki -\u015fimdiden tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir zirve haline gelen- COP28\u2019in ev sahibi Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri\u2019nin, zirveye tam 1070 delege ile kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131yd\u0131 (Glasgow\u2019da d\u00fczenlenen bir \u00f6nceki iklim zirvesine BAE 116 delege g\u00f6ndermi\u015fti). Kay\u0131p zarar fonunun operasyonel detaylar\u0131 da bu ev sahipli\u011finde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecek. Bu geli\u015fmeler COP28\u2019i \u015fimdiden tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir zirve haline getirdi ve yazar ve iklim aktivisti Naomi Klein, sivil topluma COP28\u2019i boykot \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

Kay\u0131p zarar mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131n zirvede hem g\u00fcndemde yer bulmas\u0131, hem de karar metnine koymamaya y\u00f6nelik direncin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin kararl\u0131 duru\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n etkili oldu\u011fu ifade ediliyor. Zirvede bu y\u00f6nde en etkili konu\u015fmalardan birini Barbados Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 Mia Mottley yapt\u0131. Mottley, k\u0131yamete benzetti\u011fi Pakistan sel felaketini, Avrupa\u2019dan \u00c7in\u2019e uzanan s\u0131cak dalgalar\u0131n\u0131 ve kendi \u00fclkesinde y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furan kas\u0131rgay\u0131 hat\u0131rlatarak ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve iklim krizinin tarihini yazan k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131lardan bir anlamda hesap sordu\u011fu konu\u015fmas\u0131nda<\/a> \u015fu ifadeleri kulland\u0131: <\/p>\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n


\u201cBu d\u00fcnya, s\u00f6m\u00fcrgeci bir imparatorlu\u011fun par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011fu zamanlardaki haline hala \u00e7ok fazla benziyor. Nas\u0131l olur da, ge\u00e7en 3 ayda 200 milyar dolar kar eden petrol ve gaz \u015firketleri, kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n en az y\u00fczde 10\u2019uyla kay\u0131p ve zarar fonuna katk\u0131da bulunmay\u0131 beklemez? <\/p>\n\n

Nihayetinde, kay\u0131p zarar fonunun kurulmas\u0131, iklim adaleti i\u00e7in yeni ve muzaffer bir yolculuk anlam\u0131na geliyor. Fakat gezegenin kriz kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131ndaki k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 30 sene \u00f6ncesiyle k\u0131yaslanamayacak kadar b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f durumda. Kay\u0131p zarar fonunun ve iklim adaletine katk\u0131da bulunacak di\u011fer mekanizmalar\u0131n, krizi \u00e7\u0131karanlar taraf\u0131ndan t\u0131kanmamas\u0131 ve gezegeni kundaklayanlar\u0131n art\u0131k bir zahmet yolumuzdan \u00e7ekilmesi, \u00f6z\u00fcr dileyerek su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmeleri ve bedelini \u00f6demeleri gerekiyor. <\/p>\n\n

Greenpeace, COP27\u2019yi, Greenpeace G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Asya Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Yeb Sano\u2019nun liderlik etti\u011fi kalabal\u0131k bir delegasyon takip etti. Greenpeace Akdeniz olarak 11-12 Kas\u0131m tarihlerinde Gazhane\u2019de d\u00fczenledi\u011fimiz Greenpeace \u0130klim Bulu\u015fmas\u0131<\/a>\u2019na, zirveden bir video mesaj ile kat\u0131lan Sano\u2019ya b\u0131rakal\u0131m son s\u00f6z\u00fc:<\/p>\n\n

\u201c\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini alt etmek ve iklim adaletini desteklemek bir taraf\u0131n galip geldi\u011fi, di\u011ferinin ma\u011flup oldu\u011fu bir oyun de\u011fil. Bir kazananlar ve kaybedenler meselesi de\u011fil. Ya t\u00fcm cephelerde ilerleme sa\u011flar\u0131z ya da hepimiz kaybederiz. Do\u011fan\u0131n pazarl\u0131k masas\u0131na oturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, do\u011fan\u0131n uzla\u015fmalara varmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 unutulmamal\u0131.<\/p>\n\n

Bug\u00fcn halk\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn bir zaferi olan kay\u0131p ve zarar, iklim eylemini engelleyenlerin if\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in yenilenmi\u015f bir eyleme, fosil yak\u0131tlara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sonland\u0131racak daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc politikalar i\u00e7in bask\u0131 olu\u015fturmaya, yenilenebilir enerjiyi b\u00fcy\u00fctmeye ve adil bir ge\u00e7i\u015fi desteklemeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeli. \u0130klim adaletine giden b\u00fcy\u00fck ad\u0131mlar ancak bu \u015fekilde at\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

COP27\u2019nin Ard\u0131ndan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":7526,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"COP 27: Kay\u0131p ve Zarar, \u0130klim Adaletinin \u015eafa\u011f\u0131 Olacak M\u0131?","p4_og_description":"COP27\u2019nin Ard\u0131ndan\u2019\u0131n 1. b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Ekim 2021\u2019de Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 onaylad\u0131ktan sonra g\u00fcncelledi\u011fi ve bu sene M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019\u0131n ev sahipli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 27. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler K\u00fcresel \u0130klim Zirvesi\u2019nde (COP27) d\u00fcnyaya ilan etti\u011fi Ulusal Katk\u0131 Beyan\u0131\u2019n\u0131 (NDC) konu etmi\u015ftik. 2. B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olu\u015fturan bu yaz\u0131 ise, zirvenin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi kay\u0131p zarar fonuna de\u011finecek.","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[6,25],"p4-page-type":[29],"class_list":["post-7524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-iklim-krizi","tag-iklim-adaleti","tag-iklim-degisikligi","p4-page-type-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7524"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7531,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7524\/revisions\/7531"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7524"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=7524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}