{"id":7617,"date":"2023-01-31T13:53:45","date_gmt":"2023-01-31T10:53:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/?p=7617"},"modified":"2023-01-31T13:53:47","modified_gmt":"2023-01-31T10:53:47","slug":"marmara-golu-davasi-iklim-ataletinden-cikis-iklim-adaletiyle-mumkun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/blog\/marmara-golu-davasi-iklim-ataletinden-cikis-iklim-adaletiyle-mumkun\/","title":{"rendered":"Marmara G\u00f6l\u00fc Davas\u0131: \u0130klim Ataletinden \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \u0130klim Adaletiyle M\u00fcmk\u00fcn"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0130klim zirvelerinde ayak direyen h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131, iklim davalar\u0131nda gezegen ve insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in zaferlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130klim davalar\u0131 veya kimi zaman kullan\u0131lan tabir ile iklim adaleti davalar\u0131, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlere ve \u015firketlere iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131 ald\u0131klar\u0131 ve\/veya almad\u0131klar\u0131 (iklim ataleti) kararlar, politikalar hakk\u0131nda hesap sormak ve iklim krizinin failleri olarak sorumluluklar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nmalar\u0131n\u0131 engellemek amac\u0131yla yarg\u0131 erkini kullanarak yap\u0131lan hukuki m\u00fccadeleler.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>Son y\u0131llarda toplum temelli hareketlerin, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n merkezinde oldu\u011fu iklim davalar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 giderek art\u0131yor. \u0130klim krizinin faillerinden hesap sorarak, bundan en \u00e7ok etkilenen k\u0131r\u0131lgan gruplara adaleti getiriyor ve mahkemeler kirleten \u00f6der prensibine g\u00f6re kararlar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131yor. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/granthaminstitute\/publication\/global-trends-in-climate-change-litigation-2022\/\">Son 7 y\u0131lda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n<\/a> farkl\u0131 noktalar\u0131nda toplam 2002 dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n d\u00f6rtte biri sadece 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda oldu.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130klim davalar\u0131nda, emsal nitelikte b\u00fcy\u00fck etki yaratacak pek \u00e7ok karar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euronews.com\/green\/2021\/05\/26\/shell-ordered-to-cut-co2-emissions-by-45-in-landmark-climate-case\">Sembolik kararlardan<\/a> birisi Hollanda\u2019da 17 bin vatanda\u015f\u0131n \u00e7evre \u00f6rg\u00fctleriyle birlikte Shell\u2019e kar\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davayd\u0131. Mahkeme Shell\u2019in iklim krizindeki sorumlulu\u011funu kabul etti ve 2030\u2019a kadar karbon sal\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 % 45 azaltmas\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n\n<p>Bir ba\u015fka emsal kararda ise <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cleanenergywire.org\/news\/landmark-ruling-german-top-court-key-climate-legislation-falls-short\">Almanya Anayasa Mahkemesi<\/a>, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 iklim eylem kanununu yetersiz buldu. Karara g\u00f6re kanun k\u0131smen anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131yd\u0131 ve 2030 sonras\u0131 seragaz\u0131 azalt\u0131m plan\u0131ndaki hedeflerin detayland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyordu.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u015eimdi bu listeye bir dava da T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ekleniyor. Alt\u0131parmak Hukuk B\u00fcrosu ve Manisal\u0131 Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar kuruyan Marmara G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn hesab\u0131n\u0131 yasal yollarla Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019na soruyor.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"font-size:26px\"><strong>\u0130klim Davalar\u0131n\u0131n Tek Adresi \u0130klim Hedefleri De\u011fil<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/unfccc.int\/sites\/default\/files\/english_paris_agreement.pdf\">Paris anla\u015fmas\u0131<\/a> dedi\u011fimiz zaman akl\u0131m\u0131za ilk gelen \u015fey ortalama s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sanayi \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6neme g\u00f6re 1.5 derece ile s\u0131n\u0131rlayacak \u00e7abay\u0131 g\u00f6stermek ve bunu 2 derece ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 tutmak. Ana objektifin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra anla\u015fma taraflar\u0131na pek \u00e7ok y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck sunuyor \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her \u015fey sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenleyecek azalt\u0131m politikalar\u0131ndan ibaret de\u011fil. B\u00fct\u00fcn taraflar, <strong><em>ortak fakat farkl\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f sorumluluklar ve g\u00f6receli kapasite ilkesi do\u011frultusunda<\/em>,<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>iklim krizinin k\u0131r\u0131lganla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u0131da \u00fcretim sistemlerini korumal\u0131,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fini sa\u011flamal\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>insan onuruna yak\u0131\u015fan istihdam alanlar\u0131 yaratarak adil ge\u00e7i\u015fi sa\u011flamal\u0131,&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>yerel topluluklar\u0131n ve yerli halklar\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mal\u0131 ve korumal\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ekosistemin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flayarak biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi ve yutak alanlar ile rezervuarlar\u0131 korumal\u0131<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ve tabii ki iklim adaletini sa\u011flamal\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>Ne yaz\u0131k ki bu hedefler, geni\u015flemek isteyen bir maden projesi, kurulmak istenen yeni bir k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santral projesi veya Marmara g\u00f6l\u00fc \u00f6rne\u011finde oldu\u011fu gibi bir baraj politikas\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ikinci planda kal\u0131yor.<\/p>\n\n<p>S\u00f6z konusu objektifleri anla\u015fma girizgah\u0131nda tan\u0131mlarken, <strong><em>\u2018vurgulamak\u2019, \u2018dikkat etmek\u2019, \u2018hesaba katmak\u2019, \u2018teyit etmek\u2019<\/em><\/strong> gibi fiiller ile ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 sorumluluklardan ve net ifadelerden ka\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan devletlerin maskesi iklim mahkemelerinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Karbon yutak alanlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131nda ise devletlerin arkas\u0131na saklanabilecekleri bir maske yok. Anla\u015fman\u0131n 5. Maddesi net bir ifade ile taraflar\u0131, karbon yutak alanlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve kapasitesinin geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in eyleme ge\u00e7mekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc tutuyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc okyanuslar\u0131m\u0131z, ormanlar\u0131m\u0131z atmosfere yay\u0131lan karbonlar\u0131 depolamak ve gezegenin karbon yo\u011fun end\u00fcstriler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda bir nefes almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in do\u011fal bir bariyer g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. Do\u011fal bariyer parantezini sulak alanlar\u0131 da ekleyerek geni\u015fletebiliriz.<\/p>\n\n<p style=\"font-size:26px\"><strong>Marmara G\u00f6l\u00fc An\u0131larda Kald\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Marmara g\u00f6l\u00fc de sulak alan yap\u0131s\u0131 ile bir zamanlar karbon yutak alan\u0131yd\u0131. <a href=\"https:\/\/altiparmakhukuk.org\/basin-duyurusu\">Davac\u0131lar<\/a>, 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda ulusal \u00f6neme haiz sulak alan ilan edilmesine kar\u015f\u0131n, yanl\u0131\u015f su politikas\u0131 sonucunda kuruyan g\u00f6l i\u00e7in kamu idaresini sorumlu tutuyor. G\u00f6l\u00fc besleyen Kum \u00c7ay\u0131 kanallar\u0131 \u00f6nce G\u00f6rdes Baraj\u0131 ile engellendi. Do\u011fa Derne\u011fi\u2019nin sahada yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlerde de Kum \u00c7ay\u0131\u2019ndan su \u00e7eken <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cumhuriyet.com.tr\/turkiye\/marmara-golunun-yuzde-98i-yok-oldu-1910742\">Kum Ocaklar\u0131<\/a> faaliyetlerinin de sorunu derinle\u015ftirdi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Son olarak ise g\u00f6l\u00fc beslemek i\u00e7in Gediz havzas\u0131ndan suyu ta\u015f\u0131yacak Ahmetli regulat\u00f6r\u00fcndeki pompalar da elektrik maliyeti nedeniyle kontak kapatt\u0131. Bu ad\u0131mlar y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde g\u00f6l\u00fcn kurumas\u0131na ve Marmara G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn an\u0131larda kalmas\u0131na neden oldu. Bu yok olu\u015fa g\u00f6l\u00fcn y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde \u00e7ekilen sular\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerimiz ile tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyoruz.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130klim krizine kar\u015f\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fu do\u011frultusunda ilk \u00f6devi kuruyan g\u00f6l\u00fcn rehabilitasyonu olmas\u0131 gerekirken, kamu idaresi bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lardan kira istemekten de geri durmad\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ilk iklim davas\u0131n\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dha.com.tr\/foto-galeri\/turkiyenin-ilk-iklim-davasinda-karar-cikti-2196037\/1\">karar\u0131 da bu garip kira bedelini iptal etme<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/t24.com.tr\/haber\/turkiye-nin-ilk-iklim-degisikligi-davasi-kurumus-golden-kira-alinir-mi,1088400\"> <\/a>y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u015eimdi s\u0131rada idarenin g\u00f6l\u00fc korumak ve rehabilite etme g\u00f6revlerindeki eksiklerin mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan tespit edilmesi ve bu eksik kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda dezavantajl\u0131 konuma d\u00fc\u015fen bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lara adaleti tesis etmesi var..<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"409\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/01\/4881c147-sentinel-2-l2a-copy.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-7620\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Marmara G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019ndeki alansal de\u011fi\u015fimin uydu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc&nbsp;<br>(Sentinel- 2 L2A, Copernicus Sentinel Hub)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>Uzun s\u00fcren kampanyalar\u0131n ve bask\u0131lar\u0131n ard\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye 2021\u2019in Ekim ay\u0131nda Paris anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 mecliste onaylam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Art\u0131k eski hamam eski tas diyecek bir l\u00fcks\u00fc yok. Bu onay, devlet paradigmas\u0131nda ciddi bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc gerektiriyor. \u00dcz\u00fclerek bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn Marmara G\u00f6l\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan hen\u00fcz ge\u00e7medi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131 gere\u011fince \u00f6nceli\u011fi g\u00f6l\u00fc korumak olan idarenin tercihi baraj politikas\u0131, su depolamas\u0131na izin verdi\u011fi kum ocaklar\u0131 ve tasarruf yapmak ad\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 pompalardan yana oldu. Ulusal \u00f6neme haiz sulak alan\u0131 ve gezegen i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir karbon yutak alan\u0131n\u0131 korumak konusunda s\u0131n\u0131fta kald\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Marmara G\u00f6l\u00fc Davas\u0131: \u0130klim Ataletinden \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \u0130klim Adaletiyle M\u00fcmk\u00fcn<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":7626,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"Marmara G\u00f6l\u00fc Davas\u0131: \u0130klim Ataletinden \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \u0130klim Adaletiyle M\u00fcmk\u00fcn","p4_og_description":"\u0130klim zirvelerinde ayak direyen h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 hayal k\u0131r\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131, iklim davalar\u0131nda gezegen ve insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in zaferlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. 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