{"id":8043,"date":"2023-05-04T13:46:12","date_gmt":"2023-05-04T10:46:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/?p=8043"},"modified":"2023-05-04T15:13:01","modified_gmt":"2023-05-04T12:13:01","slug":"neden-komurun-temizi-olmaz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/blog\/neden-komurun-temizi-olmaz\/","title":{"rendered":"Neden K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn Temizi Olmaz?<\/strong>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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K\u00f6m\u00fcr sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da deste\u011fiyle 24-25 Nisan\u2019da \u201ctemiz k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u201d yalan\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u201c4. Temiz K\u00f6m\u00fcr Teknolojileri Zirvesi\u201dnde bir araya geldi. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye K\u00f6m\u00fcr \u0130\u015fletmeleri Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Dr. Hasan H\u00fcseyin Erdo\u011fan\u2019\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f konu\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda Greenpeace Akdeniz Genel Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Ersin Tek, “Havas\u0131 Kirli, Paras\u0131 Kirli, Neresi Temiz?!”<\/strong> yaz\u0131l\u0131 pankartla ve d\u00fcd\u00fck sesleriyle k\u00f6m\u00fcrde \u0131srar eden karar vericileri ve end\u00fcstriyi protesto ederek, iklim aktivistlerinin y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcregelen \u201c\u0130klim \u0130\u00e7in Ses Ver\u201d <\/strong>\u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na cevap verdi. Bu protesto ile Greenpeace Akdeniz olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Ye\u015fil ve Adil D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn gereklili\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ektik.<\/p>\n\n

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K\u00f6m\u00fcre dayal\u0131 enerji \u00fcretiminin havas\u0131 da paras\u0131 da kirli. Buna ra\u011fmen T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin k\u00f6m\u00fcrden ne zaman \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2l\u00e2 bilinmiyor. Bug\u00fcne kadar haz\u0131rlanan raporlar\u0131n net bir \u015fekilde ifade etti\u011fi \u00fczere bizler de karar vericileri \u201ctemiz k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u201d yalan\u0131n\u0131n iklim krizi i\u00e7in bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda uyar\u0131yoruz ve uyarmaya devam edece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00f6zde \u201cTemiz\u201d K\u00f6m\u00fcr Teknolojileri <\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc aklamak i\u00e7in \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc birka\u00e7 ara\u00e7 bulunuyor<\/a>. Bunlardan biri literat\u00fcrde \u201ck\u00f6m\u00fcr haz\u0131rlama ve iyile\u015ftirme\u201d olarak biliniyor. K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki k\u00fck\u00fcrt miktar\u0131n\u0131 ve inorganik maddelerden olu\u015fan k\u00fcl miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltarak k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn kalitesini art\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yorlar.<\/p>\n\n

K\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn aklanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn sundu\u011fu bir di\u011fer ara\u00e7 ise k\u00f6m\u00fcrle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan termik santrallerdeki verimlili\u011fi art\u0131racak teknolojiler ve filtre sistemleridir. Santrallerdeki verimlilik ve karbon ile kirletici sal\u0131m\u0131 kapasitesini etkileyen iki \u00f6nemli unsur vard\u0131r. Bunlardan birincisi yak\u0131lan k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn kalitesi ile kazan tipinde kullan\u0131lan teknoloji tipi di\u011feri ise baca gaz\u0131 ar\u0131tma\/filtre sistemleridir.<\/p>\n\n

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Bug\u00fcn baca gaz\u0131 ar\u0131tma sistemlerinin eski santrallere entegrasyonu bile maliyetler nedeniyle hen\u00fcz tamamlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, kazan tipi teknolojisine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de kurulan ve planlama a\u015famas\u0131nda olan santrallerin \u00c7ED raporlar\u0131 da y\u0131ll\u0131k emisyon ve kirletici miktarlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131f\u0131r olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. S\u0131f\u0131r emisyon ve s\u0131f\u0131r kirleticinin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma modelinde temiz teknolojiden bahsetmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Filtre sistemlerinin kurulu olmas\u0131 da k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn olumsuz sa\u011fl\u0131k etkilerini tamamen durdurmaya yetmemektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santraller, t\u00fcm \u00e7evre yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilse dahi 102 bin erken \u00f6l\u00fcme sebep olacak<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

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Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn bel ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 karbon yakalama ve depolama teknolojileri, end\u00fcstri taraf\u0131ndan k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn gelece\u011fi i\u00e7in s\u0131f\u0131r karbona yak\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in reklam yapmak ad\u0131na bir f\u0131rsat olarak kullan\u0131lmakta ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131m\u0131na devam etmeyi te\u015fvik etmektedir. Avrupa \u0130klim Eylem A\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 2021\u2019deki de\u011ferlendirmesine<\/a> g\u00f6re, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 10 y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde kamu deste\u011fine ra\u011fmen k\u00fcresel olarak geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7ekli sadece 51 proje bulunmaktad\u0131r ve bunlardan sadece 19 tanesi pilot olarak operasyonel durumdad\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 2022 takip raporuna g\u00f6re bu konudaki geli\u015fmeler yava\u015f ilerliyor<\/a> ve depolama teknolojilerindeki geli\u015fmeler<\/a>, yakalama teknolojilerindeki proje yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n geli\u015fme h\u0131z\u0131na ayak uyduram\u0131yor. Son d\u00f6nemde nihai yat\u0131r\u0131m karar\u0131 alan sadece 10 proje olmas\u0131 da bu teknolojilere bel ba\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Oysa ki T\u00fcrkiye, k\u00f6m\u00fcr yerine yenilenebilir enerjiye yat\u0131r\u0131m yaparak, 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar GSYH\u2019sini y\u0131lda 8 milyar dolar daha art\u0131rabilir ve 300 bini a\u015fk\u0131n yeni i\u015f yaratabilir. B\u00f6ylece sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 da 2019 d\u00fczeyine g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 8 azaltabilir<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

Havas\u0131 da Paras\u0131 da Kirli!<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Yat\u0131r\u0131m garantileri, arazi tahsisi, piyasa faiz oranlar\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda faiz oranlar\u0131, kapasite mekanizmas\u0131 te\u015fvikleri gibi maddi ve manevi varl\u0131klar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla aktar\u0131lan devasa destekler, t\u00fcm bu y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkilerin, k\u00f6m\u00fcr yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131na verilen kamu te\u015fvikleri ve bankalar\u0131n finansman\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6steriyor. \u0130klim Kaosunun Bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 2023 raporuna g\u00f6re, Paris \u0130klim Anla\u015fmas\u0131’n\u0131n imzalanmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan ge\u00e7en 7 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 5.5 trilyon dolarl\u0131k kaynak fosil yak\u0131t yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na aktar\u0131ld\u0131. 2022 y\u0131l\u0131nda k\u00f6m\u00fcr sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn bankalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 finansman miktar\u0131 42 milyar dolard\u0131. 350.org T\u00fcrkiye<\/a>\u2019nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na g\u00f6re ise \u00fclkemizde k\u00f6m\u00fcr finansman\u0131na son verece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen yaln\u0131zca 9 banka var. Paris Anla\u015fmas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girdikten 5 sene sonra 2021\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye taraf\u0131ndan onayland\u0131 ve 2053 karbon n\u00f6tr hedefi a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131 ancak bu a\u00e7\u0131klamay\u0131 takip eden eylemler T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin yanl\u0131\u015f bir politika izledi\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor. \u0130klim kriziyle m\u00fccadele i\u00e7in 2030 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar, yeni fosil yak\u0131t yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n durdurulmas\u0131 ve mevcut olanlar\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kademeli olarak ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi halde Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 2023 Ocak ay\u0131nda yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Ulusal Enerji Plan\u0131na g\u00f6re k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn enerji \u00fcretimindeki toplam pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckseltilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Global Energy Monitor’un “Y\u00fckseli\u015f ve \u00c7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f” raporu, T\u00fcrkiye’nin planlanan k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc santral kapasitesinde d\u00fcnya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc <\/strong>oldu\u011funu belirtiyor.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcM: YE\u015e\u0130L AD\u0130L D\u00d6N\u00dc\u015e\u00dcM<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye verdi\u011fi taahh\u00fcde ra\u011fmen atmas\u0131 gereken ad\u0131mlar\u0131n aksine, Temiz K\u00f6m\u00fcr Teknolojileri Zirvesi gibi etkinlikleri finansal ve sosyal yat\u0131r\u0131mlarla devlet eliyle desteklerken, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z co\u011frafya k\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc termik santraller y\u00fcz\u00fcnden b\u00fcy\u00fck bedeller \u00f6d\u00fcyor. Yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z Ye\u015fil Adil D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/a> ile:<\/p>\n\n