{"id":8187,"date":"2023-09-22T10:15:31","date_gmt":"2023-09-22T07:15:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/?p=8187"},"modified":"2023-09-22T10:15:36","modified_gmt":"2023-09-22T07:15:36","slug":"uygun-fiyatli-ve-erisilebilir-toplu-tasimanin-sosyal-adalet-ve-iklim-adaleti-icin-onemine-dair-5-neden","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/blog\/uygun-fiyatli-ve-erisilebilir-toplu-tasimanin-sosyal-adalet-ve-iklim-adaleti-icin-onemine-dair-5-neden\/","title":{"rendered":"Uygun fiyatl\u0131 ve eri\u015filebilir toplu ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n sosyal adalet ve iklim adaleti i\u00e7in \u00f6nemine dair 5 neden"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Uygun fiyatl\u0131 toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma, iklim krizine kar\u015f\u0131\u00a0g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve etkili bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/report\/ar6\/wg3\/downloads\/report\/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_Full_Report.pdf\">Ula\u015f\u0131m, k\u00fcresel sera gaz\u0131 (GHG) emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %15&#8217;ini<\/a> olu\u015fturuyor ve <a href=\"https:\/\/climate.ec.europa.eu\/eu-action\/transport\/overview_en\">AB&#8217;deki GHG emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse d\u00f6rtte birinden<\/a> de ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n sorumlu oldu\u011fu tahmin ediliyor. Toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma sistemlerimizi iyile\u015ftirmek, sadece iklim i\u00e7in de\u011fil,&nbsp; ayn\u0131 zamanda insanlar\u0131 \u015fu anda mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 f\u0131rsatlara ula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in de gerekli. Hareketlilik adaleti, iklim adaletidir!<\/p>\n\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok kentte toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli topluluklar i\u00e7in hayat kurtar\u0131c\u0131 bir role sahip. Bu nedenle ula\u015f\u0131m maliyetleri ve bunun hane halklar\u0131na getirdi\u011fi y\u00fck \u00f6nemlidir: Ortalama olarak ula\u015f\u0131m, <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/eurostat\/documents\/15216629\/17177791\/KS-EI-23-001-EN-N.pdf\/5df7a393-8461-9270-7eaa-91a4b1c2acc6?version=2.0&amp;t=1689583429855\">Avrupa Birli\u011fi&#8217;nde hane halk\u0131 b\u00fct\u00e7esinin %15&#8217;ini<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/eere\/vehicles\/articles\/fotw-1248-july-25-2022-average-us-household-spent-nearly-10000\">ABD&#8217;de ise %16&#8242;<\/a>s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n maliyeti, iklim, hava kirlili\u011fi, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve ya\u015fam kalitesi \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkiye sahip olabilir. Y\u00fcksek bilet fiyatlar\u0131 insanlar\u0131 toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaktan cayd\u0131rabilir, bu da yollarda daha fazla araba olmas\u0131na, trafik s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na ve sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckselmesine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/319ed9de-gp1subo7_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/319ed9de-gp1subo7_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/319ed9de-gp1subo7_web_size_with_credit_line-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/319ed9de-gp1subo7_web_size_with_credit_line-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/319ed9de-gp1subo7_web_size_with_credit_line-510x340.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Cakarta Tren \u0130stasyonu<\/strong> <br>Yolcu Cakarta&#8217;da Toplu H\u0131zl\u0131 Ula\u015f\u0131m (MRT) treninden iniyor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>Bu nedenle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/international\/story\/56061\/climate-tickets-public-transport-on-track-oil-climate\/\">&#8220;iklim biletleri&#8221;<\/a> giri\u015fimlerini b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilgiyle takip ettik. Avusturya&#8217;da Klimaticket ve Almanya&#8217;da Deutschlandticket, toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmek ve iklim emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak amac\u0131yla son d\u00f6nemde hayata ge\u00e7irilen bu t\u00fcr bilet uygulamalar\u0131na \u00f6rnekler.<\/p>\n\n<p>2022 yaz\u0131nda Almanya ula\u015f\u0131m fiyatlar\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde indirim uygulayarak bir ayl\u0131k (abonman) biletin fiyat\u0131n\u0131 sadece 9 Euro olarak belirledi. Deutsche Bahn ve Alman Ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k \u015eirketleri Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, bu denemenin ilk \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/e360.yale.edu\/digest\/germany-trains-summer-fares-carbon-emissions#:~:text=An%20estimated%2010%20percent%20of,close%20to%2030%20million%20trees.\">yaz aylar\u0131nda trenle yap\u0131lan yolculuklar\u0131n tahmini olarak %10&#8217;u arabayla yap\u0131lacak yolculuklar\u0131n yerini ald\u0131.<\/a> Bunun emisyonlar \u00fczerindeki etkisi yakla\u015f\u0131k 1,5 milyon araban\u0131n yollardan \u00e7ekilmesine e\u015fde\u011ferdi.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0130klim biletleri enerji, para, sera gaz\u0131 emisyonu ve zaman tasarrufu sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Ve insanlar bu biletlere bay\u0131l\u0131yor!<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/10795976-gp1sxm2h_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/10795976-gp1sxm2h_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/10795976-gp1sxm2h_web_size_with_credit_line-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/10795976-gp1sxm2h_web_size_with_credit_line-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/10795976-gp1sxm2h_web_size_with_credit_line-510x340.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Berlin&#8217;de Toplu Ta\u015f\u0131mada 9 Euro\u2019luk Bilet Uygulamas\u0131 Ba\u015flad\u0131<\/strong><br>2022 yaz\u0131nda 9 Euro&#8217;luk bilet t\u00fcm yerel toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda (RB, RE, U-Bahn, S-Bahn, otob\u00fcs, tramvay gibi) ge\u00e7erliydi. Bu daha sonra Almanya&#8217;da s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z b\u00f6lgesel seyahat i\u00e7in ayl\u0131k 49 Euro\u2019luk bir bilete geni\u015fletildi.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>Bu, ayr\u0131ca demiryolu yerine havayolunu destekleyen sa\u00e7ma sistemi neden de\u011fi\u015ftirmemiz gerekti\u011fini de a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yor. Birka\u00e7 hafta \u00f6nce, Avrupa&#8217;da \u00e7evreyi kirleten u\u00e7ak yolculu\u011fuyla yap\u0131lan ayn\u0131 seyahati tren yolculu\u011fuyla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmenin iki kat daha pahal\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/eu-unit\/issues\/climate-energy\/46764\/the-shocking-extent-people-are-encouraged-to-fly-in-europe\/\">analiz <\/a>yay\u0131nlad\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 daha uygun fiyatl\u0131 hale getirmek atmam\u0131z gereken ad\u0131mlardan sadece biri; hizmetlerin kalitesi ve eri\u015fiminin de ayr\u0131ca iyile\u015ftirilmesi gerekiyor.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. <\/strong>Uygun fiyatl\u0131 toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma sosyal e\u015fitli\u011fin olmazsa olmaz\u0131d\u0131r<\/h3>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cepr.org\/voxeu\/columns\/inflationary-impact-energy-prices\">Enerji fiyatlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f<\/a> ve k\u00fcresel hayat pahal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 krizi nedeniyle ula\u015f\u0131m maliyetlerinin kar\u015f\u0131lanabilirli\u011fine ili\u015fkin zorluklar daha da artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Artan dizel ve benzin maliyetlerinin art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m maliyetleri, zaten \u0131s\u0131nma, yemek pi\u015firme ve ayd\u0131nlatma gibi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamakta zorlanan aileler i\u00e7in\u00a0 &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/zoe-institut.de\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/Demand-side-solutions-to-address-energy-shortages_update.pdf\">\u00e7ifte enerji k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a>&#8221; olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir durum yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"502\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/42da3e83-gp01hq9_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8194\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/42da3e83-gp01hq9_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/42da3e83-gp01hq9_web_size_with_credit_line-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/42da3e83-gp01hq9_web_size_with_credit_line-768x482.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/42da3e83-gp01hq9_web_size_with_credit_line-510x320.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bir E-Jeepney (Elektrikli Jeepney) Filipinler&#8217;in ba\u015fkenti Manila&#8217;n\u0131n merkezi i\u015f b\u00f6lgesindeki Makati Kentinde bir caddede ilerliyor.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>\u00dccret art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ve y\u00fcksek maliyetler marjinalize edilen topluluklar\u0131 orant\u0131s\u0131z bir \u015fekilde etkileyebilir. Ula\u015ft\u0131rma ve Kalk\u0131nma Politikalar\u0131 Enstit\u00fcts\u00fc (ITDP) taraf\u0131ndan Brezilya\u2019da yap\u0131lan bir <a href=\"https:\/\/www.itdp.org\/2022\/08\/12\/exploring-the-intersection-of-race-and-mobility-in-brazil\/\">ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/a>, siyah ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gelirli Brezilyal\u0131lar\u0131n daha y\u00fcksek \u00fccretler \u00f6dedi\u011fini, daha kalabal\u0131k otob\u00fcs ve trenleri kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve merkezi noktalara ula\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak daha az ula\u015f\u0131m se\u00e7ene\u011fine sahip oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. E\u015fitsizlikleri ve kad\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u015fiddeti konu\u015fmadan ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 eri\u015filebilir hale getiremeyiz<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>Ortalama olarak kad\u0131nlar, erkeklerden daha fazla toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma kullan\u0131yor ve toplu ta\u015f\u0131maya daha fazla ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 durumdalar. Bu da, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma maliyetlerinden ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131ndan erkeklere k\u0131yasla daha fazla etkilendi\u011fi anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n\n<p>G\u00fcvenlikle ilgili endi\u015feleri kad\u0131nlar ve LGBTQIA+ bireyler i\u00e7in ula\u015f\u0131m maliyetlerini art\u0131r\u0131yor olabilir. Daha g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde seyahat edebilmek i\u00e7in, taksi kullanmak veya toplu ta\u015f\u0131mada daha az do\u011frudan g\u00fczergahlardan gitmek gibi ek (gizli) <a href=\"https:\/\/openknowledge.worldbank.org\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/411c4adc-7856-500e-a203-9e1b8f81d1b3\/content\">ula\u015f\u0131m maliyetleri<\/a> \u00f6demeyi tercih edebiliyorlar. New York \u00dcniversitesi Rudin Center&#8217;da yap\u0131lan bir <a href=\"https:\/\/wagner.nyu.edu\/files\/faculty\/publications\/Pink%20Tax%20Report%2011_13_18.pdf\">ara\u015ft\u0131rma<\/a> bunu &#8216;pembe vergi&#8217; olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme yap\u0131lan kad\u0131nlar \u015fehirde g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde hareket etmek i\u00e7in erkeklere k\u0131yasla ayda ortalama 26-50 dolar daha fazla harcama yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<p>Toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda ve \u00e7evresinde g\u00fcvenlik, kad\u0131nlar ve LGBTQIA+ topluluklar\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorundur. Ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n daha az eri\u015filebilir olmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir ve se\u00e7enekleri k\u0131s\u0131tlayabilir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jrsssa\/article\/183\/3\/737\/7056467\">kad\u0131nlar\u0131n metroda seyahat ederken erkeklere k\u0131yasla ortalama %10<\/a>, otob\u00fcslerde ise %6 daha az g\u00fcvende hissettiklerini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. \u00d6rne\u011fin Hindistan, toplumsal cinsiyet e\u015fitli\u011fi sorununu ele almada bir tak\u0131m ilerlemeler kaydetmi\u015ftir. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/india\/en\/press\/15711\/we-need-more-than-free-buses-for-women-to-make-cities-safe-and-sustainable-greenpeace-india\/\">Greenpeace Hindistan&#8217;\u0131n kampanyas\u0131n\u0131n<\/a> ard\u0131ndan, yeni se\u00e7ilen Karnataka H\u00fck\u00fcmeti, k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre \u00f6nce, kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in istihdam olanaklar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla eyalet genelinde kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in \u00fccretsiz otob\u00fcs uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/35e4606e-dsc00878-1024x683-1.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8195\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/35e4606e-dsc00878-1024x683-1.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/35e4606e-dsc00878-1024x683-1-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/35e4606e-dsc00878-1024x683-1-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/35e4606e-dsc00878-1024x683-1-510x340.jpeg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bengaluru, 27 May\u0131s 2023: Greenpeace, Vidhana Soudha&#8217;n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde &#8220;Kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in otob\u00fcs, herkes i\u00e7in otob\u00fcs&#8221; yaz\u0131l\u0131 20 metrelik bir LED pankart a\u00e7t\u0131. <strong>\u00a9 Greenpeace Hindistan<\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>Hindistan genelinde kad\u0131nlar\u0131n i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcne kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Hindistan\u2019da <a href=\"https:\/\/dge.gov.in\/dge\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-03\/AnnualReportPLFS2021-22F_0.pdf\">i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn %32,8&#8217;ini<\/a> kad\u0131nlar olu\u015fturuyorken, bu oran <a href=\"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/SL.TLF.CACT.FE.ZS\">Banglade\u015f\u2019te %38<\/a>\u2019dir. H\u00fck\u00fcmetin a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131na g\u00f6re Karnataka&#8217;da kad\u0131nlara y\u00f6nelik \u00fccretsiz otob\u00fcs uygulamas\u0131 ilk iki hafta i\u00e7inde otob\u00fcs yolcu say\u0131s\u0131nda <a href=\"https:\/\/timesofindia.indiatimes.com\/city\/bengaluru\/public-bus-patronage-in-karnataka-sees-23-jump-following-shakti-scheme\/articleshow\/101292443.cms?from=mdr\">%23&#8217;l\u00fck bir art\u0131\u015f<\/a> sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu program\u0131n ve Hindistan genelindeki di\u011fer programlar\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131, kad\u0131nlar\u0131n hareketlilik ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 halinde elde edilecek b\u00fcy\u00fck ekonomik faydalar\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. Eri\u015filebilir toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma, d\u00fcnya genelinde a\u011f\u0131r engellili\u011fi olan her 6 ki\u015fiden 1&#8217;i i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/desa\/we-need-do-better-13-billion-people-around-world\">Tahminen 1,3 milyar ki\u015fi a\u011f\u0131r engellili\u011fe sahip<\/a>. Bu rakam d\u00fcnya n\u00fcfusunun %16&#8217;s\u0131n\u0131 ya da her 6 ki\u015fiden 1&#8217;ini temsil etmekte olup, toplu ta\u015f\u0131mada eri\u015filebilirli\u011fi \u00f6nemli bir k\u00fcresel sorun haline getirmektedir.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/cc131e2a-gp1sxmnx_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/cc131e2a-gp1sxmnx_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/cc131e2a-gp1sxmnx_web_size_with_credit_line-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/cc131e2a-gp1sxmnx_web_size_with_credit_line-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/cc131e2a-gp1sxmnx_web_size_with_credit_line-510x340.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Toplu Ta\u015f\u0131mada 9 Euro\u2019luk Bilet Hamburg&#8217;da Ba\u015flad\u0131<\/strong><br> 2022 yaz\u0131nda Almanya&#8217;da yerel toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma i\u00e7in ge\u00e7ici olarak ayda 9 Euro\u2019luk bilet tarifesi uygulamaya konuldu. Bunu takiben, Almanya&#8217;da s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z b\u00f6lgesel seyahat i\u00e7in ayl\u0131k 49 Euro\u2019luk bir bilet &#8211; Deutschlandticket &#8211; tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/wheelchairtravel.org\/london\/public-transportation\/#:~:text=London's%20city%20bus%20system%20is,serving%20more%20than%2017,000%20stops.\">Londra genellikle eri\u015filebilir toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma i\u00e7in bir model olarak g\u00f6sterilmektedir<\/a>. <a href=\"https:\/\/tfl.gov.uk\/travel-information\/improvements-and-projects\/step-free-access#:~:text=Currently%2092%20Tube%20stations%20(more,bus%20networks%20in%20the%20world.\">Londra metro istasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n<\/a> \u00fc\u00e7te birinde merdiven yok ve Londra otob\u00fcslerinin tamam\u0131 tekerlekli sandalye eri\u015fimine uygun. Bununla birlikte, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org.uk\/news\/transport-disabled-people-passengers-rights\/\">Londra&#8217;daki ve di\u011fer yerlerdeki t\u00fcm istasyonlar\u0131n herkes i\u00e7in tamamen eri\u015filebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken daha \u00e7ok \u015fey var.<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>Japonya da son zamanlarda eri\u015filebilirli\u011fi iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7aba sarf ediyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin Tokyo\u2019nun, al\u00e7ak tabanl\u0131 otob\u00fcslerden olu\u015fan bir filosu var ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015fehirlerdeki istasyonlar eri\u015filebilirlik i\u00e7in yeniden donat\u0131l\u0131yor. Bu iyile\u015ftirmeler, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2022-06-02\/in-japan-transit-accessibility-gets-an-overdue-boost\">Tokyo Paralimpik Oyunlar\u0131\u2019nda sergilenmi\u015fti<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n<p>COVID-19 salg\u0131n\u0131, engelli bireylerin toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmadaki savunmas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2210539522001018\">daha net \u015fekilde g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermi\u015fti<\/a>. Maske gereksinimleri ve sosyal mesafe gibi g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri, baz\u0131 engelli yolcular i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/1019060\/CCS118_CCS0721976312-002_Quasi-ethnographic_report_edits_Large_Print_Report_2.pdf\">ek zorluklar<\/a> olu\u015fturmu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Engelli bireyler i\u00e7in ula\u015f\u0131m eri\u015filebilirli\u011finin iyile\u015ftirilmesi, iklim adaleti ve hareketlilik adaleti i\u00e7in elzem. Herkese hizmet etmeyen bir ula\u015f\u0131m sistemi s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olamaz.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. K\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgeler de kaliteli toplu ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 hak ediyor<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>D\u00fcnya genelinde <a href=\"https:\/\/www.itf-oecd.org\/sites\/default\/files\/docs\/innovation-rural-mobility.pdf\">pek \u00e7ok k\u0131rsal alanda<\/a> insanlar\u0131n toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma a\u011flar\u0131na eri\u015fimi yok.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/3216750c-gp0stpt7n_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8197\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/3216750c-gp0stpt7n_web_size_with_credit_line.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/3216750c-gp0stpt7n_web_size_with_credit_line-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/3216750c-gp0stpt7n_web_size_with_credit_line-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/static\/planet4-turkey-stateless\/2023\/09\/3216750c-gp0stpt7n_web_size_with_credit_line-510x340.jpg 510w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><strong>Brezilya\u2019daki Amazonas eyaletinde derme \u00e7atma bir k\u00f6pr\u00fcde s\u0131k\u0131\u015fan otob\u00fcs.<\/strong> <br>\u015eehir merkezindeki arabalar\u0131n ve ticari merkezlerin zenginli\u011fi, k\u0131rsal topluluklar\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoksullu\u011fu, yard\u0131m eksikli\u011fini ve altyap\u0131 eksikli\u011fini gizliyor. Bu otob\u00fcs, tehlikeli bir toprak yolda, Amazonas&#8217;\u0131n g\u00fcneyindeki derme \u00e7atma bir ah\u015fap k\u00f6pr\u00fcye \u00e7arpt\u0131.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgede insanlar\u0131n toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma i\u00e7in \u015fehirdekilere k\u0131yasla <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6556184\/\">daha fazla \u00fccret \u00f6dedi\u011fini<\/a> ve daha uzun s\u00fcreli seyahat etti\u011fini biliyoruz. K\u0131rsal alanlarda toplu ta\u015f\u0131ma a\u011flar\u0131na eri\u015fimin iyile\u015ftirilmesi sadece iklim emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda insanlar\u0131n <a href=\"https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/1036172\/Accessibility_Journey_Time_Statistics_2019.pdf\">sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri<\/a> gibi temel hizmetlere de ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n\n<p>Toplu ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi emisyonlar\u0131 azaltabilir, \u00fccretleri art\u0131rabilir, istihdam yaratabilir, fiziksel aktivite seviyesini art\u0131rabilir, sosyal ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 geli\u015ftirebilir ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n\n<p>Toplu ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 daha eri\u015filebilir ve uygun fiyatl\u0131 hale getirmek, hareketlili\u011fi, ekonomik f\u0131rsatlar\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131k ve genel ya\u015fam kalitesini iyile\u015ftirerek bireyler, aileler, topluluklar ve \u00e7evre \u00fczerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etki yaratabilir.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/report\/ar6\/wg3\/downloads\/report\/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_Full_Report.pdf\">Ula\u015f\u0131m, \u00fclkelerin yakla\u015f\u0131k %40&#8217;\u0131nda, en fazla enerji t\u00fcketen sekt\u00f6rd\u00fcr.<\/a> Bu rakamlar ve ger\u00e7ekler, iklim kriziyle ve e\u015fitsizlikle m\u00fccadele etmek istedi\u011fini iddia eden h\u00fck\u00fcmetler i\u00e7in toplu ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 uygun fiyatl\u0131 ve eri\u015filebilir hale getirmenin bir \u00f6ncelik olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n\n<p><em>Mehdi Leman, Fransa\u2019da ya\u015f\u0131yor ve Greenpeace International&#8217;da \u0130\u00e7erik Edit\u00f6r\u00fc olarak g\u00f6rev yap\u0131yor.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Uygun fiyatl\u0131 ve eri\u015filebilir toplu ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n sosyal adalet ve iklim adaleti i\u00e7in \u00f6nemine dair 5 neden<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":8189,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"p4_og_title":"Uygun fiyatl\u0131 ve eri\u015filebilir toplu ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n sosyal adalet ve iklim adaleti i\u00e7in \u00f6nemine dair 5 neden","p4_og_description":"Toplu ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi emisyonlar\u0131 azaltabilir, \u00fccretleri art\u0131rabilir, istihdam yaratabilir, fiziksel aktivite seviyesini art\u0131rabilir, sosyal ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 geli\u015ftirebilir ve yaln\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n azalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir.","p4_og_image":"","p4_og_image_id":"","p4_seo_canonical_url":"","p4_campaign_name":"not set","p4_local_project":"not set","p4_basket_name":"not set","p4_department":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"p4-page-type":[29],"class_list":["post-8187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","p4-page-type-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/26"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8187"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8187\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8200,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8187\/revisions\/8200"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8187"},{"taxonomy":"p4-page-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.greenpeace.org\/turkey\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/p4-page-type?post=8187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}