Greenpeace Thailand’s report “Beyond the Label: Debunking the Biodegradable Plastic Myth” critically examines the real-world performance of biodegradable and bio-based plastic packaging widely marketed as eco-friendly.

Conducted in collaboration with the Bachelor of Science in Marine Technology program at Burapha University, the study tested 11 single-use plastic products under three environmental conditions: simulated seawater, actual seawater, and soil. The research aimed to assess the plastic product’s degradation rates and potential to generate microplastics.

Key Findings:

Key Findings from Degradation Test

Submersion in Simulated Seawater Environment

Submerged in Actual Seawater

Buried Under Soil

Key Findings from Microplastics Detection

False Solutions

The report debunks the myth that replacing fossil-based plastics with bio-based or biodegradable alternatives is a sustainable solution, exposing misleading marketing and labeling practices.  The analysis reveals that many materials labeled as biodegradable, bioplastic, or bio-based plastic fail to break down effectively in natural settings. This misconception fosters a “throwaway culture” under a green disguise. In reality the bio-based or biodegradable plastics represent  a false solution.

Real Solutions Proposed

Policy Recommendations

Governments must urgently establish clear, enforceable standards and hold companies accountable for misleading or false labeling. Manufacturers and retailers must adopt Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) to phase out problematic, Unnecessary, and Avoidable single-use plastic. Consumers should be cautious of misleading claims and shift toward reuse-driven consumption.


Contact: 

Pichmol Rugrod, Plastic-Free Future Project Leader, Greenpeace Thailand

Tel: +66 63 906 4971, Email: [email protected]