This study explores a future in which the EU effectively targets zero emissions by 2040 for the transport sector without relying on biofuels. This explicit objective would enable a transition consistent with the magnitude and speed prescribed by the scientific community. It examines the intermediary targets required; it highlights and discusses some of the key economic risks, challenges and benefits associated with these profound efforts (e.g. the yearly production of cars); it recommends a set of policy packages that need to be implemented.
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